The Sahel is a band of territory in Africa that stretches the length of the continent, from the Atlantic coast of Senegal and Mauritania in the west to the Red Sea coast of Eritrea in the east. The Sahel acts like a buffer or transition zone between the Sahara Desert to the north and the fertile savannahs to the south. The Sahel was once home to several indigenous African kingdoms. The Sahel literally means "edge" or "border" in Arabic. It includes parts of northern Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Mali, Burkina Faso, Senegal, Gambia, Sudan, Mauritania and Eritrea. It is a zone of transition, between mediterranean and sub-saharan Africa. Thus, just as it is geographically a transitional zone with a hybridization of sahara and savannah characteristics, so also are its inhabitants who have evolved with the land producing a people heavily influenced by those two tendencies, with geographical closeness determining the degree of socio-cultural affinity. Indeed, the intr...
 
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